CATTI笔译综合考试中，语法是核心考察内容，涉及句子结构、时态语态、非谓语动词、从句等模块。掌握这些重难点可提升答题准确率，减少失分。羽顿CATTI将详细描述各模块的考查重点与应对策略。

句子结构与成分分析

句子结构是语法基础，需快速定位主干与修饰成分。考试常通过长难句考查分析能力，例如包含多个从句或插入语的复合句。例如，在“The report, which was published yesterday, highlights the urgent need for sustainable practices in industries that account for over 60% of global emissions.”中，需识别“which was published yesterday”为非限制性定语从句，修饰“The report”，而“that account for...”为限制性定语从句，修饰“industries”。若忽略从句边界，易误判主谓关系。此外，倒装句、省略句等特殊结构也需关注，如“Only by adopting green technologies can companies achieve long-term success.”中，“Only by...”引发部分倒装，需调整语序理解。

时态语态与非谓语动词

时态与语态是高频考点，需区分16种时态的用法及主动、被动语态的转换。例如，现在完成时（have/has done）强调动作对现在的影响，而过去完成时（had done）用于“过去的过去”。语态方面，被动语态（be+过去分词）在科技、政策类文本中常见，如“The new policy has been implemented to reduce carbon emissions.”。非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的用法同样关键，例如不定式表目的（to reduce waste），动名词作主语（Reducing plastic use is essential），现在分词表主动（The machine running smoothly indicates...），过去分词表被动（The data collected from sensors show...）。混淆非谓语形式会导致句意偏差。

从句类型与逻辑关系

从句是语法难点，需掌握名词性从句（主语、宾语、表语从句）、定语从句及状语从句的用法。例如，主语从句“What matters most is the efficiency of energy use.”中，“What matters most”作主语；定语从句“The project that we launched last year has achieved significant results.”中，“that we launched last year”修饰“The project”；状语从句“Although the initial cost is high, the long-term benefits outweigh the expenses.”中，“Although”引导让步关系。此外，同位语从句（如“The fact that renewable energy is becoming cheaper supports the transition.”）与分隔式定语从句（如“The report, which was written by experts, recommends...”中，“which”与先行词“The report”被插入语分隔）也需重点识别。

CATTI笔译综合语法的重难点集中在句子结构分析、时态语态运用及从句类型区分。羽顿CATTI建议考生通过系统练习掌握长难句拆解方法，熟悉时态与非谓语动词的搭配规则，并强化从句的识别与逻辑关系判断。